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Steel

Steel is one of the most spread materials in the world – the second one, after concrete, for produced tons.

Thanks to its versatility, it is present in all human activities:

• Steel is one of the most spread materials in the world – the second one, after concrete, for produced tons. Thanks to its versatility, it is present in all human activities:
• Steel is one of the most spread materials in the world – the second one, after concrete, for produced tons. Thanks to its versatility, it is present in all human activities:
• it has good chemical-physical properties such as resistance to temperature, corrosion, radiations, etc.

Steel can have several compositions: it is flexible according to user’s needs by changing formula and production cycles.

Steel is basically an alloy chiefly made of iron and a small content of carbon, where other metallic and non metallic elements are added in strictly controlled quantities, in order to give it particular properties and optimize its performances.

Steelmaking from ores is possible in steelworks with a big capacity, having a so-called integrated cycle, such as that of ILVA Taranto. Such plants generally have big size and capacity, thus requiring heavy investments for their implementation and development. Process management is quite complex, as well, not only for its magnitude, but also for the extreme interdependency between the production cycle activities. The main plants for liquid steel making and its consequent solidification are coke ovens, sintering plants for ore pre-treating, blast furnaces, oxygen blowing steelmaking plants and continuous casting machines.

In a steelworks with an integrated cycle, energy recovery is considered as one of the main elements of production route. All process gases are recycled and used to feed several plants, such as power plants, reheating furnaces, air preheating systems, etc. Besides, all combustion processes are equipped with process optimization systems and heat recovery.